Jiayuguan Pass: The First Gate Under Heaven

Standing tall at the western end of the Great Wall of China lies Jiayuguan Pass, a grand fortress known as the “First Pass Under Heaven.” Built during the Ming Dynasty in the 14th century, Jiayuguan marked the edge of ancient China and was a crucial military and cultural gateway along the historic Silk Road.

A Strategic Stronghold

Jiayuguan was more than just a wall — it was a fully fortified complex. With massive stone walls, watchtowers, gates, and barracks, this pass guarded against invasions from the west and protected the movement of traders, monks, and caravans. It’s located at the narrowest point of the Hexi Corridor, making it a natural choke point and ideal defensive site.

The Last Look Back

In ancient times, those who were exiled from the empire would leave China through Jiayuguan. A poignant legend says that as they passed through, they would turn back for one final glance at their homeland, making this gate not only a military barrier but also an emotional symbol of separation and transition.

Architectural Marvel

The fortress spans over 33,500 square meters and features three concentric defense lines. Its walls are made of rammed earth and bricks, yet have stood strong for centuries in the harsh desert winds. The intricate construction techniques used still amaze architects and historians today.

Today’s Jiayuguan

Now a popular tourist destination, Jiayuguan Pass offers a glimpse into China’s ancient frontier defense system. Visitors can walk along the restored walls, explore museum exhibits, and even see the westernmost end of the Great Wall disappearing into the desert sands.

📸 Travel Tip:

Visit during spring or autumn for mild weather and stunning views. Don’t miss the nearby Great Wall Museum and the Overhanging Great Wall, which climbs dramatically up the mountainside.

📍 Location:

Jiayuguan City, Gansu Province, China